INFORMATION RESOURCES ON KIDNEY DISEASE AND SERVICES
< National policy and guidance | Themes >
Data, tools and resources
Kidney Disease CCG profiles, 2012
NHS Kidney Care has published kidney disease profiles covering all 211 Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs). The East Midlands Public Health Observatory (EMPHO) was commissioned to produce the profiles, which are intended to help CCGs and other stakeholders assess local kidney care need and current service levels in order to inform planning. The profiles contain information for each CCG on:
- Observed and expected number of people with chronic kidney disease
- Clinical management and achievement of chronic kidney disease, and kidney disease risk factors
- Demographic characteristics and predictive factors for kidney disease
- Prevalence of the risk factors for kidney disease
- Acute kidney injury
- Local kidney unit factors and figures
- Cost of chronic kidney disease
Kidney Disease PCT Profiles 2010
EMPHO, in collaboration with NHS Kidney Care, have produced a Kidney Disease PCT Profile for all 152 English PCTs. These profiles provide an overview of the key areas of kidney disease care, highlighting areas of good practice, inequalities, and any issues for further investigation.
UK Renal Registry
The UK Renal Registry produces yearly reports which can be accessed online on the Renal Registry website. They cover a wide range of national information on renal replacement therapy (RRT), often broken down into strata such as age, gender and ethnicity. They include annual incidence, prevalence, survival and morbidity of RRT, along with trends. Survival analysis is performed for 90-days, 1-year and 5-years after commencement of RRT, and co-morbidities are evaluated. Type of RRT is discussed, along with patient-measures such as levels of haemoglobin, blood pressure (before and after haemodialysis) as well as various biochemical markers. Waiting lists and donors are also examined, as are the levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Where practical this information is analysed at Renal Centre and Local Authority levels.
UK Renal Registry Interactive Maps
The UK Renal Registry, in collaboration with EMPHO has produced interactive maps of end stage renal disease (ESRD) management, RRT incidence and RRT prevalence and by PCT and Renal Centre. The maps are available via Instant Atlas on the UK Renal Registry website.
Quality and Outcomes Framework
Data regarding chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3-5 is available at practice level via the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF). Once a year QOF data for all participating practices nationally is made publicly available by the information centre; see the NHS Information Centre Website.
People working within Primary Care Organisations (PCO) may be able to access their local data via the Quality Management and Analysis System (QMAS). This can be found at nww.qmas.nhs.uk . To view the data for your local PCO(s) you will require a username and password. For more information contact your PCO(s) QMAS User Registration Administrator(s).
Currently, the following CKD-related data (indicators) are available via QOF:
- CKD 1: “The practice can produce a register of patients aged 18 years and over with CKD (US National Kidney Foundation: Stage 3 to 5 CKD).”
- CKD 2: “The percentage of patients on the CKD register [i.e. CKD1] whose notes have a record of blood pressure in the previous 15 months.”
- CKD 3: “The percentage of patients on the CKD register in whom the last blood pressure reading, measured in the previous 15 months, is 140/85 or less.”
- CKD 5: “The percentage of patients on the CKD register with hypertension and proteinuria who are treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) unless a contraindication or side effects are recorded”.
- CKD 6: “The percentage of patients on the CKD register whose notes have a record of an albumin:creatinine ratio (or protein:creatinine ratio) test in the previous 15 months”.
QOF also includes data on CKD-related chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease.
The Kidney Disease QOF Toolkit
EMPHO, in collaboration with NHS Kidney Care, have developed a toolkit to present kidney disease QOF data. The Kidney Disease QOF Toolkit allows general practice level QOF data to be compared with similar GPs, PCT, regional and national benchmarks. There is also a function to combine general practices to form clusters.
QOF Benchmarking Tool (primary care organisations) and CKD prevalence model
The 2007 NEOERICA* study describes the prevalence of CKD stages 3-5 within a sample of just over 130,000 adults (those aged 18 and over) taken from practices in Kent, Manchester and Surrey. EMPHO has created a benchmarking tool comparing observed CKD prevalence nationally (based on QOF data) to expected prevalence (based on NEOERICA estimates).
Estimates of expected numbers of people with CKD stages 3-5 are produced for various geographic areas within England; for primary care organisations the observed numbers from QOF are also offered for purposes of comparison.
It should be noted that EMPHO is planning to generate updated CKD estimates based on the Health Survey for England and the Quality Improvement in CKD study.
(*NEOERICA study reference: PE Stevens, DJ O'Donoghue, S de Lusignan, J Van Vlymen, B Klebe, R Middleton, N Hague, J New and CKT Farmer. Chronic Kidney disease management in the United Kingdom: NEOERICA project results. Kidney International (2007) 72, 92–99.)
Kidney Disease Key Facts and Figures
EMPHO, in collaboration with NHS Kidney Care, have produced a new reference guide outlining some basic facts about Kidney Disease. These include definitions, risk factors, costs and signposting to routinely available information sources. The Kidney Disease Key Facts and Figures document is aimed at commissioners and primary care professionals.
Diabetes with Kidney Disease: Key Facts
EMPHO, in collaboration with YHPHO, NHS Kidney Care and NHS Diabetes, have produced a reference guide, Diabetes with Kidney Disease: Key Facts, which provides fundamental facts about diabetes with kidney disease. The report includes information about how common diabetes with kidney disease is and what puts people at risk, as well as looking at what can be done, and reviewing the cost effectiveness of different interventions. The report is aimed at commissioners, primary care professionals and specialists in diabetes or kidney care.
Health Inequalities and Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults
EMPHO was part of a working group which produced this document, which aims to summarise the current evidence base on inequalities in kidney disease and its care in adults. This paper reviews the inequalities in:
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- Key risk factors for CKD
- Access to renal replacement therapy (RRT)
- Access to renal transplantation in adults.
National Clinical audits
The Healthcare Commission commissioned the National Kidney Care Audit which was completed by the NHS Information Centre as part of the National Clinical Audit Support Programme (NCASP). The audit helps identify the best ways to improve renal services. Two aspects of kidney disease management were covered - vascular access and patient transport. The results can be accessed through the NHS Information Centre Website.
Regional summaries of the National Kidney Care Transport Audit
EMPHO, in collaboration with NHS Kidney Care, have produced regional summaries of the 2008 and 2010 Patient transport audit results at Specialised Commissioning Group level. These reports can be accessed on the NHS Kidney Care website. NHS Kidney Care website.
Map and database of haemodialysis facilities in England
EMPHO, in collaboration with NHS Kidney Care, have developed maps and a database to enable people to establish their nearest renal centre. National and regional maps have been created showing all the current renal centres, satellite centres and children’s units in England. These are augmented with a database which allows input of a postcode and identification of the renal centres within a 10 and 25 mile radius. The UK Renal Registry provided the list of current units and addresses. The maps and database are available on the NHS Kidney Care website:
Programme budgeting tools and data
PCT level programme budgeting expenditure data has been published on the Department of Health website. This webpage includes links to toolkits (including NHS Comparators) which estimate the expenditure on ‘renal problems’ at national and PCT level.
NICE chronic kidney disease - a guide to resources: Implementing NICE guidance
NICE has produced this guide to help people involved in putting the NICE guideline on chronic kidney disease (CKD) into practice. It has been designed to provide an overview of information directly related to the guideline, either in terms of background such as government policy or practical help such as guidelines or toolkits.
- The NICE guide to resources is available from the NICE website
Vascular programme briefing packs
These vascular programme briefing packs were prepared in 2009 to provide the ten strategic health authorities with an assessment of progress, opportunities and future challenges in key areas of vascular disease. The packs cover coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes and renal disease. They provide data about these four conditions from the various sources available (e.g. QOF and HES). The packs are available on the Department of Health website
Urological cancer hub
The South West PHO, in conjunction with the National Cancer Intelligence Network (NCIN), have produced the urological cancer hub. This website aims to equip health professionals and others with information on urological cancers and their treatment. The website includes urological cancer (including kidney cancer) profiles at network, PCT and Local Authority levels. The hub can be found on the SWPHO website
Kidney disease resources from other Public Health Observatories (PHOs)
Deaths from Renal Diseases in England, 2001 to 2008
This report focuses on the analysis of Office for National Statistics mortality data to give insight into differences in numbers, rates and place of death from selected renal diseases. The report was produced by South West PHO with the National End of Life Care Intelligence Network. The document can be found on the National End of Life Care Intelligence Network website
Chronic disease prevalence by age, sex and region in 2008
This spreadsheet displays chronic disease prevalence (including CKD) by age and sex for each SHA and for UK regions. The estimates are derived using the QOF business rules applied to The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database. The estimates can be accessed on the ERPHO website
Eastern Region PHO drive time mapping for dialysis centres
ERPHO produced maps of dialysis patients living within 30 minutes drive of proposed dialysis sites in the region. These maps were incorporated into the Eastern Region Renal Services Strategy. For more details see the Renal Strategy for the East of England (part A and B) on the East of England Specialised Commissioning Group website
North East PHO renal disease web pages
This page includes links to the NEPHO Occasional Paper 05 - Implementation of the Renal NSF in the North East and Cumbria. The pages can be found on the NEPHO website
Links to other related information or resources
NHS Kidney Care: NHS Kidney Care works with clinical teams and commissioners of kidney care to transform the services available to those with kidney disease in order to continually drive up the quality of care. The key aims are to:
- Enable better kidney care for all
- Create capacity and capability to improve patient outcomes
- Enable equitable, effective and efficient kidney services for everyone
The UK Renal Registry : collates data relating to the activity of the majority of renal services in the UK. It was established by the Renal Association with support from the Department of Health, the British Association of Paediatric Nephrologists, and the British Transplant Society.
The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care : is a central source of health and social care information. This includes QOF data and National Clinical Audits.
The Renal Association: is the professional association of nephrologists (renal physicians) and renal scientists in the UK and is involved in the planning and development of services as well as the promotion and dissemination of research and education.
Department of Health - Renal Policy: provides links to the UK government policy documents and other renal resources.
The British Renal Society: supports professionals working in the area of renal disease. Their web site provides access to guidelines for management of renal disease, an eGFR calculator and links to other renal resources.
Kidney Diseases Specialist Library: this specialist library focuses on kidney diseases affecting adults and children within the UK.
U.S. Renal Data System: This is essentially the American version of the UK Renal Registry.
< National policy and guidance | Themes >
PAGE CREATED: 28 November 2008 | PAGE REVISED: 24 January 2013